Steam-turbine.



PATENTED DEC. 24, 1907.

M. H. P. R.v SANKEY.

STEAM TURBINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 20, 1905.

1 l 1'! 1 "Ill/III! 'llllllll/M ll-l i l|-| Fig.4. Fig.3.

present in use.

, and elevation ofa portion of To all whom it may concern:

shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

. ing and holding strips in. cross section.

respective positions to inn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MATTHEW HENRY PHINEAS BIALL sANKrn or rL'roN, NEAR RUGBY, ENGLAND.

EA RBINE.

Specification of Letters" Patent. I

Application filed september 20. 1905. Serial Not 279.273. 7

. I Be. it known that I, MATTHEW- HENRY l PHINEAS RIALL SANKEY, latecaptain R. E., i a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, andresidingat Bawnmore, Bilton 1 near Rugby, England, have invented certain1 new and useful improvements in and Rela't-' ing to Steam-Turbines, ofwhich the following is a specification. My invention relates to steamturbines, and has forits object to produce a type of steam turbine whichshall be. more economical and of simpler construction than those at Theinvention also consists in a method of fixing the blades onsteamturbine'wheels.

By means of my invention the total number of rows of blades required aturbine of 1 given power is greatlyreduced.

Referring now to the accompanying draw ings:-Fig'ures '1 and 2 showcross section 1 bladed strip 1 showing amethod of blade fixing. Figs. 3and 4 are sections on the lines A A and B B respectively of Fig. 1, thelatter section showing the bladed strip removed from the drum groove.Fig. 5 tea cross section of the strip on the lines C C of Fig. 2. Figs.(Sand 7 are 5 back and front perspective views of the blade 3 Fi 8 is across sectional view of a portion of the rotary'afnd fixed members,showing the contour ofthe root of the blades in elevation, and the calk-Fig.

9 is a cross sectional view of a blade of more i substantial crosssection showing the stamped portion of the root of the blade in plan.

The invention concerns moreparticularly i the construction of the bladesand the manner in which these blades are attached to the i turbine.

()ne manner of attaching the blades to the turbine, when somewhat thinblades are used, consists in forming grooves g (Fig.2).1 in the rotatingdrum, and the casin .inthe l be occupie by the 5 rows of blades b andc,the grooves g being undercutif'K foundation ring h, the cross section ofwhich conforms to the undercut,

but which has a smaller section than theoove to allow fora oalkin stripi, is bent 5 into a semi-circle and radia notches j are out into it;extending-from about one-third 1 to one-half of thethickness of the ringh. 2 ,For the fixed b'lading these notches 1' would 1 he ,on theconcaveside of the ring and for i foundation rin gflz,

Patented Dec; 24, 1907.

the moving blade on th e convex side. 'The notches are parallel to theaxis of the turbine when the rings are in position, and the pitch is soregulated as to give the proper pitch to the blades. The root end ofeach of the blades, 11 and 0 is stampedinto a special shape, the centralpart lof the end being flattened to conform to the notch the both as towidth and depth, and the two sides Zbeing bent back at right angles tothe central part, and splayed outwards to the same angle as the bevel onthe foundation ring h. These sides I are made longer than the centerpart is, so as to extend nearly to the underside of the foundationrmg h,when in position, as shown in Fig. l.- To the blades into the'rotatingdrum, or into the casing," the individual 3 blades are pushed, into thenotchesj, in the foundation rin'g' h, thus fori'ning'a semi-circularrlng of radiating blades.

placed in the groove 9 1n the 'drum or casing, and

calked in. I

Where the blades are of the much more usual thick section shown in Fig.9-, I prefer to stamp the root ends so that there shall bestri s asbefore, theseslots however being a short pieces of calking strip '0 arepushed into the space remaining, and are.

litt e wider to correspond with the thicker flat part, of the root; butas the root portion is narrower than the upper portion, as seen in Fig.8, there is sometimes a little ditfieulty in putting in a single calkingstrip, as used in the formshown in Fig. l, on account of the overhang ofthe side of'the blade. To overcome this difficulty I. provideadjacent'to the'root strip an auxiliary or dummy strip s, preferably intwo or more sections, and between this strips and the side of thedovetailed groove 1 insert thecalking strip a, as

used in the other case. Well calked in, and a fastening is obtained.

The strips are then very secure blade The blades may if desired beprovided witha shroud ring, as

shown at t, "in Fig. 8. It will beseen that by these constructions notonly the foundation ring,,but '-each individual blade, securelydovetailed lnto the drum or casing. Having now described .my inventionwhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an elastic fluid turbine the combina-' tion of a blade carryingmember having an annular dovetailed groove formed therein, a strip inthe groove, transverse cuts on the outer face of said strip extendingfrom side to side, blades inserted within the cuts of the strip, sideportions on the blades straddled over the strip and means for holdingthe blades in place.

' 2-. Inan elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a blade carryingmember having a dovetailed groove therein, a dovetailed ring in suchgroove having transverse grooves or cuts therein, blades each having acentral portion adapted to fit into such transverse grooves or cuts,extending side portions projecting into the'annular groove between thering and the carrying member and a calking ring for securing the bladesin position.

3. In combination in an elastic fluid turbine, blade carrying stripshaving cross grooves cut in the outer faces part waythrough the strips,blades in the strips, each of which blades is stamped at the root end sothat its 'middle port-ion is flattened to con form to the groove in 'thestrip, into which it is set, while the two sides are longer than thecentral part, and are bent back at" right angles to the middle so as toembrace the strip, grooves in the drum and easing into whlch the stripsare inserted, and means:

. sums form to the groove in the stri into which it central 'part, .andare bent back at right angles to the'middle so as to embrace the whichthe strips are inserted, and a calkin'g lug and a dummy lug whereby theblades'are firmly in thegrooves. t

5. A turbine blade formed with a single plate of pressed metal havingits root end ent into three planes, the outer two of which j and extendbeyond the end t p of an acute angle to each other, forming the blade issecured to the turbine blade carrying member.

name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.MATTHEW HENRY PHINEAS RIALL SANKEY. Witnesses:

PERCIVAL M. DAVIES, BERTRAM H. MATTHEWS.

that its middle portion is. flattened to con,

is set, while the two sides are onger than the held firmly in thestrips,-and the strips are are at substantially right males tofthedthiilrdj- 2 ereo an t at thereby a dovetailed projection by which Intestimony whereof I have signedmy- 'strlp, grooves-in the drum andeasing into

